• We found few differential effects

  2022-03-03

  

  We found few differential effects on lung function for exposure to mother’s and father’s smoking in relation to GSTM1 and GSTT1. However, effects related to mother’s or father’s smoking may differ because mothers tend to spend greater amounts of time with young children and mothers may also smoke du

• Introduction Epigenetic alterations play an

  2022-03-03

  

  Introduction Epigenetic alterations play an important role in carcinogenesis. Aberrant promoter CpG island hypermethylation causes transcriptional gene silencing [1], and has been documented for a number of genes in prostate cancer (PCA) [2]. Histone modifications are also important regulators of t

• br Ketone body metabolism and neuronal excitability

  2022-03-03

  

  Ketone body metabolism and neuronal excitability One of the best examples of the close connection between metabolism and neuronal excitability is illustrated by the effect of ketone bodies on epileptic seizures. One third of patients suffering from epileptic seizures do not respond to conventiona

• In conclusion we have identified ten

  2022-03-03

  

  In conclusion, we have identified ten novel GPCR genes and a pseudogene. Transcripts for GPR78, GPR81, GPR94, GPR95, GPR101, GPR103 and P2Y were detected in various CNS and peripheral tissues. Given the high levels of identity observed within paralogous oGPCR gene clusters, future efforts will likel

• It was noted elsewhere that several of the

  2022-03-03

  

  It was noted elsewhere that several of the variants (i.e., Indel19 and SNP63) that make up the risk haplotypes had unusually large differences in allele frequencies between Africans and non-Africans, as compared with a set of likely neutral loci (Fullerton et al. 2002). This finding was interpreted

• There are three classes of receptors

  2022-03-03

  

  There are three classes of receptors for herpes virus gD have been described [18,24]. Among those three, herpes virus entry mediator A (HveA) is also known as HVEM. This receptor is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily [25]. The other class of receptors is HveC which is

• Much less is known about

  2022-03-03

  

  Much less is known about the α3 and α4 subunits. GlyR α3 subunit immunoreactive synapses are concentrated in discrete bands across the IPL; besides, bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells have been suggested to express it (Haverkamp et al., 2003, Wässle et al., 2009). In fact, All amacrine express α3β

• During pain signal transmission glutamate is released into

  2022-03-03

  

  During pain signal transmission, glutamate is released into the synaptic cleft, which, in turn, causes activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and hence neurotransmission across the synapse occurs. The synaptic concentration and resultant activity of glutamate are controlled by excitator

• After ischemia expression of transcription factors including

  2022-03-03

  

  After ischemia, expression of transcription factors, including products of immediate early genes, stress proteins and neurotrophic factors are also altered in CA1 neurons78, 79. These proteins are potential candidates for downregulating of GluR2 expression by reducing mRNA transcription or stability

• The bioconversion of inositol from

  2022-03-03

  

  The bioconversion of inositol from glucose was anticipated nearly a century ago and later confirmed by isotope tracing methods [[22], [23]]. This biosynthesis of inositol involves three sequentially acting enzymes: Firstly, ATP-dependent glucokinase converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G-6P) [[2

• It was previously proposed that glucagon acts

  2022-03-02

  

  It was previously proposed that glucagon acts in the liver, in which a signal is produced and relayed to the Aurora Kinase Inhibitor III via vagal nerves [8], [36], [37]. The concept that the liver is the primary target site was supported by the studies reporting that the glucagon receptor is local

• Extending time action is another strategy to increase

  2022-03-02

  

  Extending time action is another strategy to increase in vivo efficacy. Twice daily administration of the unacylated analogs herein caused greater body weight loss in DIO mice than the equivalent dose administered as a single daily injection, suggesting that protracted time action should yield more

• Species specificity of small molecular GPR agonists

  2022-03-02

  

  Species specificity of small molecular GPR40 agonists have been reported by Takeda scientist. In the binding pocket of TM5, a Leu186 in human GPR40/FFA1 is replaced with Phe in rat, resulting in dramatic inter-species GPR40 activity discrepancy in certain scaffolds of small molecular GPR40 agonists.

• The pharmacokinetic properties of were amenable to

  2022-03-02

  

  The pharmacokinetic properties of 12 were amenable to oral dosing allowing in vivo comparison to 6. Compared to a maximum efficacious dose of 6 (60mg/kg), 12 demonstrated improved glycemic control during OGTT in high-fat fed/STZ treated (HF/STZ) and BDF/diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse models of typ

• Magtanong et al observed that caspase

  2022-03-02

  

  Magtanong et al. (2019) observed that caspase-dependent apoptotic lipotoxicity of saturated fatty acids is suppressed by exogenous MUFAs. This may explain the ability of MUFAs to prevent atherosclerosis, in contrast to the pathogenicity of saturated fatty acids. Moreover, MUFAs may promote while PUF

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